Hyaluronic acid, or hyaluron, is becoming increasingly sought after as a key ingredient in anti-aging skincare. Before considering aesthetic surgery, it is worth trying dermocosmetic products that contain hyaluron.
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and consists of three main layers:
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Subcutis
Most cosmetic products act only on the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin, and cannot deeply influence the structural aging processes that occur in the dermis.
Collagen and elastin, produced by fibroblasts (cells in the dermis), are the main structural elements of the deeper layer of skin. They give the skin its youthful firmness and elasticity. As we age, collagen breaks down and fragments, causing its properties to diminish and the skin to lose its firmness.
Therefore, the main goal in slowing down the aging process is to stimulate fibroblasts, encouraging them to produce collagen. In addition to fibroblast stimulation, it is essential to provide a matrix in which collagen fibers can develop. Hyaluronic acid plays a crucial role in filling the space around collagen.
How Hyaluronic Acid Works
Hyaluronic acid not only preserves and maintains tissue hydration—because it can retain up to a thousand times its weight in water—but it also fills the extracellular space, giving the skin volume. The main mechanisms of skin aging include the breakdown of hyaluronic acid by the enzyme hyaluronidase, naturally present in the skin, and free oxygen radicals caused by environmental damage, also known as oxidative stress.
When using hyaluronic acid, attention should also be paid to the molecular size of the hyaluronic acid contained in the product.
High-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid acts on the epidermis (the skin’s surface layer) and helps protect it from external harmful factors. Low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid, due to its smaller molecules, penetrates deeper into the skin, providing a stronger anti-aging effect.
The best results for skin fullness and firmness are achieved by combining high- and low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid.
In addition to molecular size, the effectiveness of a product also depends on the other active ingredients with which the hyaluronic acid is combined.